How to control diabetes milletus?

First, we are going to know what diabetes mellitus is.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose level than normal level in the body.

Normal level = 70 – 110 mg\dl or 5.6 mmol\l

Prediabetes level = 110-125 mg\dl or 5.6-5.9 mmol\l

Diabetes level = 126 mg\dl or higher or 7 mmol\l

How dose diabetes mellitus occur?

Normally, our body secrete insulin from pancreas to control blood glucose level .sometimes our pancreas stop secreting insulin so glucose accumulated in our body leading to high blood glucose level.

Types of diabetes mellitus?

1-type 1 diabetes mellitus which also called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus:

In this type, the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin so glucose level is high in the blood

2-type 2 diabetes mellitus which also called non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus:

In this type, the pancreas produce insulin but in small amounts that can’t lower blood glucose level.

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus:

There are set of symptoms that when occur we suspect that we have diabetes mellitus like:

Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus:

1-as we said before, from signs and symptoms

2-we can use laboratory tests to know if we are diabetic or not as HbA1C (glycosylated hemoglobin)

Treatment of diabetes mellitus:

For type one, there is no insulin so the patient is given insulin for along his life

For type two, there is insulin but in small amount so the patient not given insulin for all of his life

In addition to, this therapy it is important to control the daily life activities like:

1-exercise

2-diet with lower fats and sugar

3-keep away all things that produce high level of glucose